Facts you should know about Scotland

On the eve of the planned referendum on Scottish independence increasingly appears in the media of news, forecasts, warnings. We all know that Scotland was part of the United Kingdom for more than three centuries, but it is quite different from other parts of the UK. We scored as many as 50 facts you need to know about Scotland.

1. Unicorn – an animal which is depicted on the emblem of Scotland.

2. The shortest regular flights in the world take place in Scotland. trip length is half a mile – from the city Westray to Papa Westray in the Orkney Islands. Travel lasts 1 minute 14 seconds.

3. Scotland takes about 790 islands, 130 of them are uninhabited.

4. Skara Brae – Neolithic village, located on the island of Brae, Orkney, is the oldest building in the UK which dates back to 3100 BC

5. In the Mausoleum of Hamilton in South Lanarkshire longest echo in the world – it lasts 15 seconds.

6. In Scotland, more than 600 square miles of freshwater lakes, including the most famous Loch Ness.

7. The capital of Scotland, Edinburgh is the second largest city after Glasgow.

8. Edinburgh was the first city in the world, in which there was its own fire brigade.

9. As with Rome, Edinburgh was built on seven hills. The city is the largest number of monuments than anywhere else in the world.

10. Prior to 1603 in Scotland had its monarch. After Elizabeth died I, Iakov VI Scots was also controlled as Scotland and England, as a result it has also become Jacob I England.

11. The City of St. Andrews is considered "the birthplace of golf". Here it is played back in the 15th century.

12. It is believed that Koroleva Viktoriya during her visit to the Scottish Highlands smoked a cigarette to ward off gnats.

13.Edinburg became home to Skye Terrier Greyfaersa Bobby, who captured the hearts of all who know his story.

After the owner’s death, Bobby every day for 14 years, came to the cafe, where used to be with the owner, received a muffin and returned to the master’s grave in the cemetery. There he met his death and was buried. In Edinburgh, there is a fountain with a sculpture of Skye Terrier. The monument was erected in 1872 after Bobby’s death, which has earned a reputation as the most faithful dog in the world.

14. In Scotland at the moment – the second largest country in the UK, after England.

15. The highest point of Scotland – Ben Nevis, 1343 meters.

16.Deviz Scotland – “Nemo me impune lacessit”, or: "Nobody will touch me with impunity". It is used by the Order of the Thistle, and in later versions of the Royal Coat of Arms.

17. Scotland – favorite country of the royal family who likes to relax in the castle of Balmoral on the banks of the River Dee.

18. In the north-east of the country girls called “quines”, and young men – “louns”.

19. The first recorded appearance of the Loch Ness Monster was in 565 AD, when the monster attacked one of the followers of St. Columba.

St. Columba – Irish holy monk, the preacher of Christianity in Scotland. St. Columba is one of the twelve apostles of Ireland. In the year 563 Saint Columba founded the first monastery in what is now Scotland and was rector there.

20. The Scottish city of Aberdeen is known as the oil capital of Europe, as well as the Granite City.

21. The deepest lake in Scotland, Loch Morar, reaches a depth of 328 meters, and is considered the seventh deepest lake in the world.

22. The smallest viskarnyu Scotland Edradur in Pitlochry, visit 000posetiteley 100 a year, but it produces only 90 000 liters of malt whiskey.

23. Scotland – birthplace of the oldest tree in Europe, fortingelskogo yew, whose age is about 3000 years old. According to local legend, Pontius Pilate was born in the shadow of the yew tree, and played there when I was little.

24. The raincoat was invented in 1824 in Scotland. It was invented Charlz Makintosh, a chemist from Glasgow. In the UK, the cloak is still called “Mac”.

25. The state religion of Scotland – Christianity.

26. Scotland gained independence in 1314, when Robert Bryus defeated the English army at the Battle of Bannockburn.

27. The Kingdom of Scotland was an independent until May 1, 1707, when the Act of Union Scotland joined England to form a single state – the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

28. July 1, 1999, for the first time since 1707, Scotland got its own parliament.

29. The territory of the country is 78,772 km ?.

30. The country’s population – about 5.2 million, is about 8.5% of the total UK population.

31. Population density – 65.9 people / km ?..

32. In North America, lived about the same as the Scots, as in most of Scotland, while, according to the US Census and Canada, about 5 million people claim that they have Scottish roots.

33. Scotland has its own judicial system, distinct from England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The jury could return a verdict of “guilty”, “not guilty” and “proven guilty.”

34. Bank of Scotland, founded in 1695, is the oldest existing banks in the UK. He was also the first bank in Europe, which began to produce their own banknotes.

35. Among the famous Scottish inventors – Logue John Baird who invented television in 1925, Aleksandr Grem Bell, who invented the telephone in 1876, and Alexander Fleming who invented Penicillin in 1928.

36. The first university clinic in America, Baltimore Infirmary, founded surgeon from Glasgow Granville Sharp Pattison in 1816.

37. In Scotland, the three official languages: English, Scottish and Gaelic, which is spoken by only 1% of the population.

38. In Scotland, 19 universities and colleges, including the University of St Andrews, where they met the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge – William and Kate.

39. The area of ​​Scotland, roughly equal to the area of ​​the Czech Republic, the United Arab Emirates, Panama, the State of Maine in the US or the Japanese island of Hokkaido.

40. Two of the first Prime Minister of Canada – Dzhon Makdonald (1815-1891) and Aleksandr Makkenzi (1822-1892) – were Scottish.

41. One of the most famous products produced in Scotland – whiskey – was invented in China. At first it was distilled monks in Ireland in the early 15th century, and only after 100 years of whiskey came to Scotland.

42. The most infamous Scottish dish – haggis. It is made from sheep’s offal – liver, heart and lungs boiled in mutton stomach. It is not known where it originated, but similar dish mentioned in Greece 2500 years ago.

43. Scotland – birthplace of many great thinkers, including Adam Smith, James Watt, David Hume and Dzhona Styuarta Mill.

44. Among the famous Scottish inventions – logarithms (1614), bitumen (1820) and the tire (1887).

45. Many known Scottish invention – kilts, tartan (checkered pattern) and pipes – not been invented in Scotland. Kilts originated in Ireland, plaid ornaments were discovered in central Europe, the Bronze Age, and the bagpipe came from central Asia.

46. ​​Known representatives of literature – Sir Walter Scott, Lord Byron and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

47. Flag Scotland is a picture of Andrew’s cross.

48. Thistle is the symbol of Scotland.

49. In Scotland, home to most red-haired people in the world. About 13% of the population of Scotland – red, and 40% of the population are carriers of a recessive gene.

50. The first official international football match was played in 1872 in the West of Scotland between England and Scotland.

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